Number skills for teenagers with Down syndrome (11-16 years)

doi:10.3104/9781903806166

Number skills for teenagers with Down syndrome (11-16 years)

doi:10.3104/9781903806166

Vocabulary lists for numeracy

A structured approach to teaching number skills is helped by knowing the vocabulary for maths that typically developing children learn as they progress through school. Early number, time, place and attribute words extracted from Down Syndrome Education International's vocabulary checklists are shown below. If your teenager has limited vocabulary, the checklists are useful tools for setting targets and monitoring progress in language learning.

Checklist 1 - First 120 words
- Time: again,
- Quantity: all gone, more
- Place: down, in, off, on, there, up
- Attributes: big, little

Checklist 2 - Second 340 words
- Number: One, two, three, four, five
- Time: day, later, morning, night, now, today, tonight
- Place: away, back, here, inside, out, under
- Attributes: shape, circle, square, triangle, size, small, blue, green, red, yellow, all, another, empty, more, none, some, time, again, same
Checklist 3 - Third 350 words
- Number: Six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, numbers
- Time: after, afternoon, before, minute, next, once, time, tomorrow, yesterday
- Place: about, above, around, at, behind, beside, by, first, from, in front, into, last, next to, on top of, over, through, to, with
- Attributes: fat, heavy, light, long, tall, thick, thin, tiny, short, black, brown, orange, pink, white, any, empty, full, half, many, much, a bit, a lot, different, each, every, lots, some

Many other words that will be used in school, including instructional words to help teenagers participate in activities, are presented in the vocabulary boxes.

Many more words are used in schools and a comprehensive vocabulary checklist for numeracy (designed originally for children in primary schools) is available at The National Strategies Site, a government website for teachers at http://nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/node/84996

The authors have separated two sets of vocabulary (Set one and Set two) to help teachers and parents to plan and assess language teaching in the classroom and at home. Set two includes and expands on the vocabulary items in set one.

Vocabulary list - Set one
Number and related words

number words same number/s different number/s number line dice dominoes pegs, peg board zero, one, two, three... to twenty and beyond none how many...? count, count (up) to more, less how many times? pattern, pair 'teens' number the same number as, as many as altogether one more, take (away), leave the same as
Measures
size, big, small enough, not enough long, short, tall wide, narrow deep, shallow thick, thin ruler weigh heavy/light full empty holds container
Time words
birthday, holiday morning, afternoon night bedtime, dinnertime, playtime today, yesterday, tomorrow before, after first, next, last now, soon, early, late quick fast slow old new hour, o'clock, clock, watch, hands once, twice
Shape words
shape, pattern flat straight round corner circle triangle square rectangle star hexagon diamond
Position, direction and movement
in, on over, under above, below top, bottom, side on, in outside, inside around in front, behind front, back before, after beside, next to middle, edge left, right up, down forwards, backwards through to, from, towards, away from movement slide roll turn stretch, bend number
Money words
money coin penny buy spend pay change names of coins (1p, 2p)
Instructional words
match listen give me join in your turn, my turn, say remember start look a point to, show me put find choose make, build tell me read finish, end count answer

Vocabulary list - Set two
Instructions

start from, listen, join in, say think, imagine, remember start with, start at, look at point to put, place arrange rearrange change, change over split separate carry on, continue repeat what comes next? find choose collect use make build tell me describe pick out talk about explain show me read write record trace copy complete finish, end fill in shade colour tick, cross draw draw a line between join (up) ring arrow cost count work out answer check
Addition and subtraction
add, more, plus make, sum, total, altogether score double, near double one more, two more... ten more how many more to make...? how many more is... than...? how much more is...? subtract, take (away), minus, leave, how many are left/left over? how many are gone? one less, two less, ten less... how many fewer is... than...? how much less is...? difference between half, halve is the same as, equals sign
General
same number/s different number/s missing number/s number facts number line, number track number square number cards abacus counters, cubes, blocks, rods die, dice dominoes pegs, peg board same way, different way best way, another way in order, in a different order
Measures, shape and space
Measures (general) measure size compare guess, estimate enough, not enough too much, too little too many, too few nearly, roughly, close to, about the same as just over, just under
Length
length, width, height, depth long, short, tall high, low wide, narrow deep, shallow thick, thin longer, shorter, taller, higher... and so on longest, shortest, tallest, highest... and so on far, near, close metre ruler, metre stick
Mass
weigh, weighs, balances heavy/light, heavier/lighter, heaviest/lightest weight, balance, scales
Capacity
full half full empty holds container
Time
time days of the week: Monday, Tuesday... seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter day, week, month, year, weekend birthday, holiday morning, afternoon, evening night, midnight bedtime, dinnertime, playtime today, yesterday, tomorrow before, after next, last now, soon, early, late quick, quicker, quickest, quickly fast, faster, fastest slow, slower, slowest, slowly old, older, oldest new, newer, newest takes longer, takes less time hour, o'clock, half past clock, watch, hands how long ago? how long will it be to...? how long will it take to...? how often? always, never, often, sometimes, usually once, twice
Shape and space
shape, pattern flat curved, straight round hollow, solid corner point, pointed face, side, edge, end sort make, build, draw
3D shapes
cube cuboid pyramid sphere cone cylinder
2D shapes
circle triangle square rectangle star
Patterns and symmetry
size bigger, larger, smaller symmetrical pattern repeating pattern match
Position, direction and movement
position over, under, underneath above, below top, bottom, side on, in outside, inside around in front, behind front, back before, after beside, next to opposite apart between middle, edge centre corner direction journey left, right up, down forwards, backwards, sideways across next to, close, far along through to, from, towards, away from movement slide roll turn, whole turn, half turn stretch, bend

Numbers and the number system
Counting, properties of numbers and number sequences
number zero, one, two, three... to twenty and beyond zero, ten, twenty... one hundred none how many...? count, count (up) to count on (from, to) count back (from, to) count in ones, twos... tens... more, less odd, even every other how many times? pattern, pair
Place value and ordering
units, ones tens exchange digit 'teens' number the same number as, as many as equal to
Of two objects/amounts
more, larger, bigger, greater fewer, smaller, less
Of three or more objects/amounts
most, biggest, largest, greatest fewest, smallest, least one more, ten more one less, ten less compare order size first, second, third... tenth, eleventh... twentieth last, last but one before, after next between, half-way between
Estimating
guess how many, estimate nearly, roughly, close to about the same as just over, just under too many, too few, enough, not enough Organising and using data count, sort, vote list group, set table
Vocabulary for solving problems
making decisions and reasoning pattern puzzle answer right, wrong what could we try next? how did you work it out? count out, share out, left, left over number sentence sign, operation
Money words
money coin penny, pence, pound price cost buy sell spend, spent pay change dear, costs more cheap, costs less, cheaper costs the same as how much...? how many...? total

publications

Contents

Number skills for teenagers with Down syndrome (11-16 years)

Vocabulary lists for numeracy

See also:

Vocabulary list - Set one

Vocabulary list - Set two